A colostomy is a surgical procedure in which the opening (stoma) is formed by drawing the healthy end of the colon or colon through an incision in the anterior wall of the abdomen and sewing into place. This opening, together with the attached stoma tool, provides an alternative channel for the feces to leave the body. This can be reversible or irreversible depending on circumstances.
Video Colostomy
Indication
There are many reasons for this procedure. Some common reasons are:
- The colon has been removed, e.g. because of colon cancer requiring total mesorectal excision, diverticulitis, injury, etc., so it is impossible for the stool to pass through the anus.
- Some of the large intestine (or colon) has been surgically removed and needs to be "rested" until healed. In this case, colostomy is often temporary and usually reversed later, leaving the patient with a small scar on the stoma site. Children who underwent surgery for extensive pelvic tumors were generally given colostomy in preparation for surgery to remove the tumor, followed by colostomy reversal.
- Stool incontinence unresponsive to other treatments.
Maps Colostomy
Options
Placement of stomach stomas can occur at any location along the large intestine, but the most common placement is on the lower left side near the sigmoid where the majority of colon cancers occur. Other locations include elevated, transverse, and descending colon sections.
Colostomy Type:
- Loop colostomy: This type of colostomy is usually used in emergencies and is a temporary and large stoma. The intestinal circle is pulled out into the abdomen and held in place by an external device. The intestine is then stitched to the abdomen and two openings are made in one stoma: one for stool and the other for mucus.
- End Colostomy: Stoma is made from one end of the gut. Other parts of the intestine are removed or stitched closed (Hartmann's procedure).
- Double barrel colostomy: The bowel is broken and both ends are brought out into the abdomen. Only the proximal stoma works.
The planned colostomy surgery usually has a higher long-term success rate than surgery done in an emergency situation.
People with colostomy should use an ostomy bag system to collect intestinal waste. Usually the pouch should be emptied or replaced several times a day depending on the frequency of the activity; in general the farther away from the anus (ie, the further 'gut channel') ostomy lies the greater the output and the more often the need to empty or change the bag.
Colostomy with Rectum
People with colostomies who have ostomies of the sigmoid colon or descending colon may have an irrigation option, which allows for people not to wear pockets, but only a gauze cap above the stoma, and for irrigation timetables for convenient times. To irrigate, the catheter is placed inside the stoma, and rinsed with water, allowing the impurities to escape from the body into the irrigation sheath. Most colostomates irrigate water once a day or every other day, although this depends on the person, their food intake, and their health.
Alternative
A man in England has been given a gut that is controlled remotely. Colostomy or ileostomy is now rarely performed for rectal cancer, with surgeons usually preferring primary resection and internal anastomosis, eg ileo-anal pouches. Instead of external devices, internal ileo-anal pouches are built using a portion of the patient's lower intestine, to act as a new rectum to replace the removed original.
Routine care
The dried bag is usually emptied when it is full of one-third. A bag is changed usually every 3 to 7 days or whenever the seal is released, which must be replaced immediately.
Complications
Parastomal hernia is the most common stomata end complication through the abdominal wall, occurring in 10 to 25% of patients.
See also
- Ileostomy
- Jejunostomi
- List of operations by type
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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