Sergey Mikhaylovich Brin (Russian: ??????? ??????????????????? = born August 21, 1973) is a Russian-American computer scientist and internet entrepreneur. Together with Larry Page, he founded Google. Brin is the President of Google's parent company Alphabet Inc. As of April 1, 2018, Brin is 13 richest people in the world, with a net worth of approximately US $ 47.2 billion.
Brin immigrated to the United States with her family from the Soviet Union at the age of six. He earned his bachelor's degree at the University of Maryland, College Park, following in the footsteps of his father and grandfather by studying mathematics, as well as computer science. After graduation, he enrolled at Stanford University to obtain a PhD in computer science. There he met Page, with whom he later became friends. They crowded around their dorm rooms with cheap computers and implemented Brin's data mining system to build web search engines. The program became popular at Stanford, and they postponed their PhD studies to start Google in a rented garage.
The Economist refers to Brin as the "Enlightened Man", and as someone who believes that "knowledge is always good, and certainly always better than ignorance", a philosophy concluded by Google's mission statement, "Governing world information and make it universally accessible and useful ", and an unofficial but sometimes controversial tagline," Do not be evil ".
Video Sergey Brin
Early life and education
Brin was born in Moscow in the Soviet Union, to Russian Jewish parents, Yevgenia and Mikhail Brin, both graduates of Moscow State University (MSU). His father was a professor of mathematics at the University of Maryland, and his mother a researcher at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
The Brin family live in a three-room apartment in central Moscow, which they share with Sergey's paternal grandmother. In "The Story of Sergey Brin", Brin told Mark Malseed of Moment magazine, "I have known for a long time that my father could not pursue the career he wanted," but Brin only took the details years later after they settled in the United States.
In 1977, after his father returned from a mathematics conference in Warsaw, Poland, Mikhail Brin announced that it was time for the family to emigrate. "We can not stay here anymore," he told his wife and mother. At the conference, he was able to "mingle with colleagues from the United States, France, Britain, and Germany and found that his intellectual brethren in the West were not 'monsters'." He added, "I'm the only one in the family who decides that it's important to go."
Sergey's mother was not willing to leave their home in Moscow, where they spent their entire lives. Malseed writes, "For Genia, the decision finally came to Sergey, while her husband admitted that she was thinking of her own future like her son, to her, 'it's 80/20' about Sergey." They formally applied for their exit visa in September 1978, and as a result his father "was soon fired". For related reasons, her mother had to leave her job. Over the next eight months, without a steady income, they are forced to take temporary jobs while they wait, fearing that their demands will be rejected as well as for many refusenik. During this time his parents shared the responsibility to look after him and his father taught himself computer programming. In May 1979, they were granted an official exit visa and allowed to leave the country.
In an interview in October 2000, Brin said, "I know the hard times my parents experienced there and I am so grateful that I was taken to America." In 2017, Brin later recalled: "I came here to the US at the age of six with my family from the Soviet Union, which was at that time the greatest enemy of the US... This is a terrible period, cold war, as some people remember it. It's under threat of nuclear destruction, and even then the US has the courage to take me and my family as refugees. "
In the summer of 1990, a few weeks before his seventeenth birthday, his father led a group of high school mathematics students, including Sergey, in a two-week exchange program to the Soviet Union. His roommate on the way was a future computer science professor at Carnegie Mellon University, John Stamper. As Brin recalls, the journey awakened his childhood fears of authority and he remembered that "his first impulse in the face of Soviet repression was to throw pebbles into a police car." Malseed added, "On the second day of the trip, while the group visited a rural sanatorium near Moscow, Brin took his father aside, looked at his eyes and said, 'Thank you for taking us all out of Russia.' "
Brin attended elementary school at Paint Branch Montessori School in Adelphi, Maryland, but she received further education at home; his father, a professor in the mathematics department at the University of Maryland, encouraged him to study mathematics and his family helped him maintain his Russian language skills. He studied at Eleanor Roosevelt High School, Greenbelt, Maryland. In September 1990, Brin enrolled at the University of Maryland, where he received a Bachelor of Science from the Department of Computer Science in 1993 with honors in computer science and mathematics at the age of 19, which was part of the University of Maryland College of Computer Science, Mathematics , and Nature.
Brin began graduate studies in computer science at Stanford University on a graduate scholarship from the National Science Foundation. In 1993, he was an apprentice at Wolfram Research, the developer of Mathematica. In 2008 he was on leave from a PhD study at Stanford.
Maps Sergey Brin
Search engine development
During his orientation for freshman at Stanford, he met Larry Page. They seem to disagree on most subjects. But after spending time together, they "become soul mates and intellectual close friends". Brin's focus is on developing a data mining system while Page extends the "concept of inferring the importance of research papers from quotations in other papers". Together, the couple wrote a paper entitled "Anatomy of Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine".
To convert backlink data collected by the BackRub web crawler into an important measure for a particular webpage, Brin and Page developed the PageRank algorithm, and realized that it could be used to make search engines far superior to existing ones. The new algorithm relies on a new type of technology that analyzes the relevance of backlinks that link one webpage to another, and allows the number of links and ratings to determine page rank.
Combining their ideas, the couple began to use Page's dorm rooms as machine labs, and took parts from cheap computers to create the devices they used to connect the newborn search engine to the Stanford broadband campus network.
After filling the Page room with the equipment, they then changed the dormitory rooms of Brin into offices and programming centers, where they tested their new search engine design on the Web. The rapid growth of their projects caused the Stanford computing infrastructure to run into problems.
Page and Brin use basic HTML programming capabilities to form simple search pages for users, as they do not have web page developers to create something that is visually complicated. They also started using computer parts they could find to gather the computing power needed to handle search by many users. Since their search engine is getting more popular among Stanford users, additional servers are required to process questions. In August 1996, an early version of Google, still on the Stanford University website, was made available to Internet users.
In early 1997, the BackRub page described the following:
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- Some Rough Statistics (from 29 August 1996)
- Total indexable HTML url: 75.2306Ã, Million
- Total content downloaded: 207.022Ã, gigabyte
- ...
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- BackRub is written in Java and Python and runs on several Sun Ultras and Intel Pentiums running Linux. The primary database is stored in Sun Ultra series II with 28GB disk. Scott Hassan and Alan Steremberg have provided very talented implementation assistance. Sergey Brin is also very involved and deserves a lot of gratitude.
- - Larry Page pagecs.stanford.edu
- BackRub is written in Java and Python and runs on several Sun Ultras and Intel Pentiums running Linux. The primary database is stored in Sun Ultra series II with 28GB disk. Scott Hassan and Alan Steremberg have provided very talented implementation assistance. Sergey Brin is also very involved and deserves a lot of gratitude.
BackRub already shows the basic functions and characteristics of search engines: input queries are entered and lists backlinks by importance. Page remembers: "We realize that we have a query tool.This gives you page rank and ordering a good follow-up page." Page said that in mid 1998 they finally realized the further potential of their project: "Soon, we have 10,000 searches a day And we think, maybe this is real"
Some compare the vision of Page and Brin with the impact of Johannes Gutenberg, inventor of modern printing:
In 1440, Johannes Gutenberg introduced Europe to a mechanical printing machine, printing the Bible for mass consumption. This technology allows for books and manuscripts? -? Originally replicated by hand? -? To print at a much faster rate, thus spreading knowledge and helping to drive the European Renaissance ... Google has done a similar job.
This comparison is also noted by author of The Google Story : "Not since Gutenberg Ã, ... has a new invention that empowers individuals, and changes access to information, such as very deeply Google. "Also, not long after the two" made their new machine for web search, they began to think of information that was outside the web, "such as book digitization and the expansion of health information.
Other interests
Brin is working on another, more personal project that goes beyond Google. For example, he and Page are trying to help solve world energy and climate problems in Google's philanthropic arm, Google.org, which invests in the alternative energy industry to find wider renewable energy sources. The company recognizes that its founders want to "solve big problems using technology".
In October 2010, for example, they invested in major offshore wind power to help the East coast's electricity network, which would eventually become one of about a dozen proposed offshore wind farms for the region. A week earlier they introduced a car that, with "artificial intelligence", can drive itself using a video camera and radar sensor. In the future, car drivers with the same sensor will experience fewer accidents. Therefore, safer vehicles can be built lighter and require less fuel consumption. They are trying to make the company create innovative solutions to increase the world's energy supply. He is an investor at Tesla Motors, which has developed Tesla Roadster (2008), battery electric vehicle distance 244 miles (393 km) and Tesla Model S, 265 miles (426 km) battery electric vehicle.
In 2004, he and Page were named "Persons of the Week" by ABC World News Tonight. In January 2005 he was nominated to be one of the "Global Young Leaders" of the World Economic Forum. In June 2008, Brin invested $ 4.5 million in Space Adventures, a Virginia-based space tourism company. The investment will serve as a deposit for reservations on one of the proposed Space Adventures flights in 2011. Space Adventures, the only company that sends tourists into space, has sent five of them so far.
Brin and Page together own Boeing 767-200 and Jet Dornier Alpha, and pay $ 1.3 million a year to accommodate them and two Gulfstream V jets owned by Google executives at Moffett Federal Airfield. The aircraft already has scientific equipment installed by NASA to allow experimental data to be collected in flight.
In 2012, Brin has been involved with the Project Glass program and has demonstrated prototype glasses. Project Glass is a research and development program by Google to develop a head-mounted augmented reality (HMD) display. The intended purpose of Project Glass products is the display of handsfree information currently available to most smartphone users, and allows interaction with the Internet through natural language voice commands.
Brin is also involved in a car project without a Google driver. In September 2012, at the signing of California Driverless Vehicle Bill, Brin estimated that within five years, robotic cars would be available to the general public.
Brin is a supporter of the meat and kite systems that are planted in the laboratory.
The magazine's Economist describes Brin's approach to life, like Page, based on the vision concluded by Google's motto, "making all world information" universally accessible and useful ' ".
Google Censorship in China
Given his youth and the reasons his family left the Soviet Union, he was "tortured by Google's decision to appease the Chinese Communist government by letting it censor search engine results," but he decided that Chinese would be better than without Google available.
On January 12, 2010, Google reported a major cyberattack on computers and its corporate infrastructure that began a month earlier, including accessing two Gmail accounts and the theft of Google intellectual property. After the attack was determined to originate from China, the company stated that it would no longer agree to censor search engines in China and possibly exit the country altogether. David Drummond, Google's Senior Vice President of Corporate Development, reported that "the main purpose of the attackers was accessing Gmail accounts of Chinese human rights activists, but the attacks also targeted 20 other major companies in the financial, technological, media and chemical fields.
It was later reported that the attack also targeted "one of Google's crown jewels, a password system that controls access to millions of users worldwide".
At the end of March 2010, it was officially discontinued China-based search engine while keeping the Hong Kong site uncensored in operation. Speaking for Google, Brin stated during the interview, "One of the reasons I'm glad we did this step in China is that the Chinese situation really encourages other countries to try and implement their own firewall." During another interview with Der Spiegel , he added, "For us it has always been a discussion of how we can fight for openness on the Internet We believe that this is the best thing we can do to keep the principle of openness and freedom of information on the Internet. "
Senator Byron Dorgan stated that "Google's decision is a powerful step for freedom of expression and information." And Congressman Bob Goodlatte said, "I commend Google for its courageous move to stop censoring search results on Google.cn Google has drawn a line in the sand and shines brightly in a very dark area of ​​the restrictions of individual freedom in China." From a business perspective, many acknowledge that such a move tends to affect Google's profits. The New Republic adds that "It seems Google has arrived at the same clear link for Andrei Sakharov: who is between science and freedom," referring to the move as "heroism".
Personal life
In May 2007, Brin married biotech analyst and businessman Anne Wojcicki in the Bahamas. They had a son at the end of 2008 and a daughter at the end of 2011. In August 2013, it was announced that Brin and his wife were living apart after Brin became romantically involved with Google Glass marketing director. In June 2015, Brin and Wojcicki settled their divorce.
Brin's mother, Eugenia, has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. In 2008, he decided to make a donation to the University of Maryland Medical School, where his mother was treated.
Brin uses the 23andMe service and finds that although Parkinson's is generally hereditary, both she and her mother have the LRRK2 gene mutation (G2019S) which puts the possibility of developing Parkinson's in the following years between 20% and 80%. When asked if ignorance is not happy in such matters, he states that his knowledge means that he can now take steps to ward off disease. An editorial in The Economist magazine states that "Mr. Brin considers LRRK2 mutations as bugs in his personal code, and therefore is no different from bugs in computer code that Google engineers fix on a daily basis, helping himself, because that he can help others as well. "
Brin and Wojcicki, though divorced, are still running the Brin Wojcicki Foundation .
Awards and awards
2002-2009
In 2002, Brin, along with Larry Page, was named MIT Technology Review TR100, as one of the top 100 innovators in the world under the age of 35. In 2003, both Brin and Page received the honorary MBA from IE Business School "to realize the entrepreneurial spirit and provide momentum for the creation of new business...". In 2004, they received the Marconi Foundation Award, "The Highest Award in Engineering", and was selected as Fellows of the Marconi Foundation at Columbia University. "In announcing their choice, John Jay Iselin, the president of the Foundation, congratulated the two for their discovery that fundamentally changed the way information is fetched today."
In 2003, Brin and Page were both Award Recipients and National Finalists for the Best Employers Award of the Year
In 2004, Brin received the Academy's Achievement's Golden Plate Award with Larry Page at a ceremony in Chicago, Illinois.
2009-present
In November 2009, Forbes decided Brin and Page were the fifth most powerful man in the world. At the beginning of the same year, in February, Brin was inducted into the National Engineering Academy, which is "one of the highest professional differences given to an engineer... [and] honoring those who have made outstanding contributions to engineering research, practice.. ". He was chosen specifically, "for leadership in the development of fast indexing and retrieving relevant information from the World Wide Web". In their Fellows "Profile", the National Science Foundation includes a number of previous awards:
he is the keynote speaker at the World Economic Forum and Technology, Entertainment, and Design Conference.... PC Magazine praised Google in the Top 100 Web Sites and Search Engines (1998) and provided the Google Technical Excellence Award for Innovation in Web Application Development in 1999. In 2000, Google received the Webby Award , People's Voice Award for technical achievement, and in 2001, was awarded Extraordinary Search Services, Best Picture Search Engines, Best Designs, Most Friendly Webmaster Search Engines, and Best Search Features on Search Engines Award.
In April 2018, Brin was the 13th richest person in the world according to Forbes, with an estimated net worth of US $ 47.2 billion.
Movieography
See also
- List of Jews born in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union
References
External links
- Google.comÃ, Sergey Brin
- Sergey Brin at TED
- Appearance in C-SPAN
- Sergey Brin at Charlie Rose
- Sergey Brin on IMDb
- "Sergey Brin collects news and comments". The Guardian .
- "Sergey Brin collects news and comments". The New York Times .
- Profile: Sergey Brin at BBC News
- Sergey Brin at Forbes
- Sergey Brin at Bloomberg L.P.
- Momentmag: Sergey Brin's Story
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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