The Buteyko method or Buteyko Breathing Technique is a form of complementary or alternative physical therapy that suggests the use of breathing exercises especially as a treatment for asthma and other respiratory conditions. This method takes its name from the Ukrainian physician Konstantin Pavlovich Buteyko, who first formulated his principle during the 1950s. This method is based on the assumption that many medical conditions, including asthma, are caused by an increase in chronic respiratory rate or deeper respiration (hyperventilation). However, this theory is not widely supported in the medical community because of the lack of evidence that supports the theory behind the method or that is successful in practice. This method deliberately retrained the respiratory pattern through chronic recurrent respiratory exercise to correct hyperventilation, which, according to the proponents of the method, will therefore cure or cure asthma and other conditions supposedly caused by hyperventilation. The essence of the Buteyko method is a series of exercises that reduce breathing that focus on the breathing of the nose, holding breath and relaxation.
Opinions are shared about whether Buteyko's method provides health benefits: some evidence suggests it may help alleviate asthma symptoms and improve quality of life.
Video Buteyko method
History
The Buteyko method was originally developed in 1950 by the physiologist Konstantin Buteyko in Russia. The first official study of the effectiveness of the Buteyko Method on asthma was done in 1968 at the Leningrad Institute of Pulmonology. The second, held at Moscow's First Pediatric Disease Institute in April 1980, eventually led the head of the health department to issue an order (No. 591) for the implementation of the Buteyko method in the treatment of bronchial asthma. Later, the method was introduced to Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States, where it has received increased exposure. Anecdotal reports of life-altering changes associated with the Buteyko method abound on the Internet and in the books.
The Buteyko method is just one of a number of breathing retraining methods used to treat lung diseases, including conventional techniques such as physiotherapy-led breathing exercises as well as alternative treatment techniques such as Buteyko such as yoga.
Maps Buteyko method
Theory
The Buteyko method is based on the concept that "hidden" or undiagnosed hyperventilation is the underlying cause of various medical conditions, including asthma. It is well known that hyperventilation can cause low levels of carbon dioxide in the blood (or hypokapnea), which can then cause a disruption of acid-base balance in the blood and decrease tissue oxygen levels. Proponents of this method believe that the effects of chronic hyperventilation will have wider effects than are generally accepted. These effects include muscle spasms that extend in the airways (bronchospasm), disruption of cell energy production through the Krebs cycle, as well as disturbance of a number of important homeostatic chemical reactions in the body. The Buteyko method is a method that is recognized as a "retrain" of the respiratory pattern of the body to correct chronic hyperventilation and chronic altered hypokapnea, and thus treat or heal the body from these medical problems.
The Buteyko method is not widely supported in the medical community, partly due to the fact that research has not supported this theory that hyperventilation and hypokapnea cause disease, with one review noting that there is no convincing evidence to suggest that trying to alter asthmatic carbon. dioxide levels are "desirable or achievable." Studies that have sought evidence to corroborate this theory, such as looking at carbon dioxide levels in Buteyko practitioners, have not found this evidence, leading some to propose alternative theoretical pathways for this method to improve symptoms.
Description
Although variations exist between teachers techniques in various countries, its main purpose is "normalization" and breathing Buteyko three core principles remain the same: nasal breathing, reduce breathing and relaxation.
Respiratory nose
The Buteyko method emphasizes the importance of nasal breathing, which protects the airways by moistening, warming, and cleansing the air entering the lungs. The majority of people with asthma have problems sleeping at night, and this is considered by practitioners Buteyko to be associated with bad posture or unconscious mouth breathing. By keeping the nose clean and encouraging nasal breathing during the day, nighttime symptoms can also improve. Rigid nose breath during physical exercise is another key element of the Buteyko method.
Reduces breathing exercises
Buteyko's core exercises involve breath control; consciously reduces both the respiratory rate or respiratory volume. Many teachers refer to Buteyko as 'retrain breathing' and compare the method of learning to ride a bike. After the time has been spent practicing, the technique becomes instinctive and the exercise is gradually removed as conditions improve.
Buteyko uses a measurement called Control Pause (CP), the amount of time between breaths that an individual can comfortably hold his breath. According to Buteyko teachers, people with asthma who regularly practice Buteyko breathing will see an increase in CP and decreased pulse rate that corresponds to decreased asthma symptoms.
Relaxation
Dealing with asthma attacks is an important factor of Buteyko exercise. The first feeling of asthma attacks is disturbing and can lead to short periods of rapid breathing. By controlling this initial over-breathing phase, asthmatics can prevent the "vicious cycle of over-breathing" from developing and spinning to an asthma attack. This theory confirms that asthma attacks can be avoided simply by breathing less.
Effectiveness
In 2015 the Australian Government Health Department publishes a review of alternative therapies that seek to determine if any are eligible for health insurance coverage; The Buteyko method was one of the 17 evaluated therapies which found no evidence of clear effectiveness. An earlier Cochrane review found "no reliable conclusions" can be determined based on the limited evidence available. The British clinical guidelines 2014 say that for adults, the Buteyko method can improve some of the symptoms of asthma and quality of life, but it has little impact on lung function.
Proponents of the Buteyko method reported various diseases and other symptoms (up to 150), including diabetes, reproductive disorders and psychological disorders, which they believed were exacerbated by hyperventilation and hypokapnea, and were therefore treated using the Buteyko method. However, Buteyko's effectiveness research has focused almost exclusively on asthma with little research on sleep apnea. Members of the medical community have been skeptical of Buteyko's efficacy because of his often "exaggerated and unproved claims" made earlier by Buteyko practitioners.
There are several high-quality studies such as randomized controlled trials that look at the efficacy of treating asthma with the method of "retrain breathing" in general, which includes Buteyko methods, yoga training, and other relaxation techniques. Many studies that have evaluated respiratory retraining have significant methodological weaknesses, including small sample size, possible selection bias and heterogeneity in designs that make difficult conclusions difficult. These studies were also hampered by difficulties in the control of precise blindness and placebo that could introduce more bias into the study.
See also
- Hypoventilation training
- Intermittent hypoxia training
- Papworth Method
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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